a [] name of the rune for ~ ác m
abase [] wv/t2 niðerian1 oppress
abasement [] niðerung1 f humiliation
abashed [] adj ǽwiscmód
abbacy [] abboddóm m abbatial jurisdiction, abbodríce n abbey
abbatial jurisdiction [] abboddóm m abbacy
abbatial rank [] abbodhád m dignity
abbess [] abbodesse f
abbey [] abbodríce n abbacy; Anglo-Saxon ~ at York, afterwards St. Mary’s Galmanhó ?
abbot [] abbod m, abboda m [L. abbatem]; lack of an ~ abbodléast f
ABC [] ábécédé f alphabet
abduct [] sv/t3 nýdniman take by force
abduction [] nýdnimung f rapine
abide [] irreg v/i gebúan dwell; sv/t1 ábídan wait
ability [] cræft m skill; gód n virtue
Abingdon, in Berkshire [] Abban dún f
abjectly [] adv níðlíce
abjure [] sv/t5 æftercweðan renounce
ablative [] adj ætbrédendlic
able [] adj leoðufæst fast; numol good
abominable [] adj áwyrgedlic detestable, gehyspendlic
abortion [] áwegáworpnes f, an ~ ǽwyrp m
abounding [] 1. adj nyhtsum1 abundant; 2. adv ~ly nyhtsumlíce
about []
above [] adv ábúfan; over and ~ that þǽrbufan
abrogate [] wv/t2 lýtlian1 shorten
abscess [] gegaderednes f gathering
absence [] æfweardnes f
absent [] adj æfward, æfweard distant
abundance [] cystignes f, cystines f, genyhtsumung f
abundant [] 1. adj nyhtsum1 abounding, þicce growing thickly; 2. adv ~ly nyhtsumlíce, genyhtlíce, neahhe1, neahhie1, neahhige1
abysmal [] adj neowol deep down
abyss [] æfgrynde n, nið n, grynde n, neowolnes f depth
accent [] accent m [L]
accept [] sv/t2 céosan1 approve, sv/t4 niman1 assume
acceptable [] adj léofwende agreeable, lícwyrðe1 pleasing
acceptance [] andfang n
accepted [] adj lícwyrðe1 recognized
access [] ingang m entrance; néalǽcung f approach, néosung1 f
accessible [] adj gefére
accident [] gelimp n misfortune
accidentia [] adj gelimplic
accompanied [] causing or ~ by difficulty/hardship adj nearu oppressive
accompany [] wv/t2 geférscipian
accomplish [] wv/t1b geféran attain; wv/t1b lǽstan1 carry out
accomplishment
[] lást
accord [] of one’s own ~ adv gewealdes; of his own ~ (his) gewealdes
accordance [] in ~ with one’s nature or race adj geæðele natural
accordant [] adj ánswége harmonious
according to [] prep w.d. néah, prep w.d.i. æfter (causal) following
accost [] wv/t1b nǽgan12 speak to
account []
accumulate [] sv/i7 ætflówan flow together
accumulation [] ypping f extent
accuracy [] gerád n
accurately [] adv nearolíce closely
accursed [] adj áwyrigende
accusation [] clearing from ~ lád f purgation
accuse [] sv/t1 ábetéon, wv/t1b ácustan, acusan [L], wv/t2 leahtrian1 blame, wv/t2 niðerian1
ache [] 1. jaw-~ céacádl f; 2. sv/i6 acan suffer pain
acknowledged [] adj geanwyrde known
acolyte [] ácolitus m [L], candelbora m
acorn [] áccærn m, áccorn m, æcern n
acquaintance [] cúðnes f knowledge, cýðnes1 f knowledge; cýðð f, cýððu f friendship
acquiescing [] adj geþafa consenting
acquisition [] geágnung f
acre [] 1. æcer m a certain quantity of land; an ~ æcersplott m; strip of land an ~ in extent, lying at the head of a field héafodæcer m; 2. by ~s adv æcermǽlum
act crookedly [] wv/t2 lytigian feign
act of feeding [] ǽt m, f, n eating
acting alone [] adv ánlaga
action [] anginn n onset; kind ~ lufu f; ~ of taking niming f
active [] 1. adj cáf prompt; ? gehweorf; 2. ~ly adv cáfe
Acton, Suffolk [] Acan tún m
acute [] adj clǽne intellectual; more ~ gefrédra
adapted [] adj gerád conditioned
add to [] wv/t1b íecan1 increase, wv/t1b ætýcan increase
adder [] nǽdre f snake; ~-wort nǽdrewyrt f
addition [] ætéaca m
address [] wv/t1b nemnan speak to, wv/t2 nemnian speak to
addressing [] adj gecígendlic vocative
adduce [] irreg wv/t1b gebringan produce
adhere [] wv/t1b clengan, wv/t1b ætclíðan, sv/t1 clífan cleave, wv/t2 ætclifian
adherence to the rules of right conduct or method [] þéawfæstnes f discipline
adhesion [] ætfele m
adjourn [] wv/t2 ándagian1
administer [] wv/t2 þegnian1 serve an office
admire [] wv/t
admission [] gecierrednes f entrance, infær n entry, infæreld n entrance
admitting [] adj w.g. geþæf agreeing to
adolescence [] geoguðhád m, geoguðhádnes f
adopt [] sv/t4 niman1 appropriate
adopted [] adj geágennod
adorn [] 1. wv/t1b glengan
adulation [] lyffetung f flattery
adulterer [] ǽwbreca m, nýdhǽmedre m
adulteress? [] nýdhǽmestre f concubine
adultery [] hór n, ǽwbryce m, geligere n fornication, geligernes f concubinage
advance [] irreg v/i gán
advanced age [] æfteryld2 f,
æfteryldo
advanced in age [] adj gamolferhð old
advancing [] without power of ~? adv forðganges nép
advantage [] gód n benefit, gehýðnes f, notu f utility, hýðegung f, nytt f use, nyttung f profit
adventure oneself [] sv/t
adversary [] inwidda m evil one
advice [] þeaht n counsel, geþeaht f, n counsel, lár f exhortation
advise [] wv/t
adviser [] geþeahta m couselor
adze [] adesa m, adese f hatchet
aerial [] adj lyften, lyftlic
affair [] cierr m business
affect with longing [] impersonal wv/t2 álangian
affection [] lufu f favor
affectionate [] adj lufiende
affinity [] néahsibb f near relationship
afflict [] wv/t1b áswencan, wv/t1b
getyrfan strike;
wv/t
afflicted [] adj gebrócod injured
affliction [] 1. gyrnstafas m pl injury, níð m oppression, níðhete2 m torment; ~ caused by (Moses’) rod gierdwíte n, nýdcosting f; 2. visit with ~ wv/t1b néosan, wv/t2 néosian attack
afford [] wv/t1a ástellan supply
afloat [] adj áflote
aforementioned [] adj ǽrnemned
afraid [] make ~ wv/t1b áblycgan
Africa [] Africa f indecl. [sometimes nom Affrica, gen. Affricæ, acc Affricam]
African [] 1. adj Affric, Africanisc, Afrisc; belonging to ~ adj Afrisc; 2. African m, Affrican m, noun decl. as adj Affric
after []
after age [] æfteryld2 f,
æfteryldo
after-birth [] cildhama m
after-claim [] æftersprǽc f
afternoon meal [] nónmete m
afterwards [] 1. written ~ adj æfterwriten; 2. adv æfter then æfter þon/þæm/þisum, æfter þæm/þon/þan þe thereafter
again [] adv níwan stefne
against [] prep w.d.a. into to
agate [] gagátes m indecl, gagátstán m precious stone
age [] 1. ieldu f; advanced ~
æfteryld2 f, æfteryldo
aged [] adj gamol
agent [] involuntary ~ nýdwyrhta m
agent? [] lim n offspring
agile [] adj leoðucræftig, léoht quick
agitation [] ýðung f commotion
agree [] wv/t2 gadrian1 unite, wv/t2 þeahtian1; ~ to wv/i1a cierran1 be converted
agreeable [] adj léof1 pleasant; léoftǽl, léoftǽle loving; léofwende acceptable
agreeing [] adj geþafa consenting, geþafsum consenting
agreeing to [] adj w.g. geþæf consenting to
agreement [] ánnes f covenant; geþafsumnes f; loc n settlement
agrimony [] gárclife f, agrimonia m
ah! [] interj lá oh!
aid [] wv/t
air []
ait [] iggað m, iggoð m, ígeoð m, ígoð m small island
alacrity [] cáfscipe m boldness
alas! [] interj ǽ, wá lá wá!
alb [] albe f [L] white garment
alder [] aler m, alor m, alr m
alder-wort [] nǽddrewinde f
Alexandrian [] adj Alexandrinesc
alien [] hostile ~ níðgæst2 m fell demon
alienation [] áfremðung f
alight [] wv/t
alive [] 1. adj gangende; 2. adv on life, tó life, lífes
alkalized water [] léag f lye
all [] 1. adj ǽghwilc every one, gehwilc each; 2. at ~ adv á always; 3. pron, noun ǽlc every; 4. noun ǽlc every;
Alleluia (the ~) [] Alleluia m
alleviate [] wv/t
alleviation [] líhtung f relief, liss f [formerly líðs]
allot [] sv/t7 lǽtan
allow [] sv/t7 lǽtan1; wv/t1b
líefan
allowed [] not to be ~ irreg v/t nágan have no right to
all-powerful [] adj ælcræftig almighty
allure [] sv/t6 áspanan seduce
allurement [] léassponung f, ymbspænning f
almighty [] adj ælcræftig all-powerful
almost [] adv néah nearly (cmp néar; spl níehst); lýtesná, lýtesne, lýtestne nearly
alms [] ælmesgifu f charity
almsgiving [] ælmeshand f charitableness, ælmessylen f
aloe [] alewe f
aloft [] adv on lyfte
alone [] adv ánlíepig, ánlípig, ánlípe, ánlípie only; ánum solely; acting ~ ánlaga
along []
alphabet [] ábécédé f ABC
already [] adv ǽr [cmp ǽror; spl ǽrost, ǽrest, ǽrst] formerly; nú þá now
altar [] altar m, altare m, alter m, altre m [L], glédstede2 m
alteration [] áwendednes f, áwendendnes f change
altogether [] adv ǽghwæs entirely
alum [] ælifn f
always [] adv á for ever, ǽfre perpetually, gehwǽr on every occasion
am not [] neom verb form
amaze [] wv/t
ambassador [] ǽrendraca m messenger
ambrosia [] ambrósie f
ambush [] of ~ adj insǽte dependant
amelioration [] íeðrung? f making easier
amen [] interj géalágé [géa lá géa] yea
amiable [] 1. adj luflic loving; 2. ~ly adv luflíce
amicable settlement [] lufu f
among [] prep w.d. ámang amongst, prep w.d. or a. (local) in in
amongst [] prep w.d. ámang among
amphitheater [] plegstów f gymnasium
ample [] adj ginn
amuse oneself [] wv/t
amusement [] gamen n pastime
ancestor [] cnéowmǽg m relation; ~s ieldra pl noun parents
anchorite [] ánbúend m hermit, ánsetla m hermit
ancient [] 1. adj gamol
and [] conj and; both…~ ǽghwæðer (ge)…ge, ǽgðer…and
aneurism [] neurisn f
anew [] adv níwlinga, níwunga newly
angel [] ǽrendgást m, gást m good spirit, ǽrendraca m messenger, ár2 m herald
anger [] 1. ábylgnes f wrath; anda m envy; ábyligd f; ǽbylga m, ǽbylgnes f offence, ǽbylgð f, ǽbylgðu f offence, grama m rage, ǽbylgð f, ǽbylgðu f, æfðanc m, æfðanca m displeasure, iernes f, ierre n, ierscipe m, iersung f; níðgrama m malice; 2. wv/t1b ábylgan offend; 3. adj ~ed abealh, ábolgen
angle [] angel m hook
Anglen, a district in Schleswig, from which the Angles came [] Angel n
Angles [] norðléode m pl, the ~ Angle m pl
Anglo-Saxon abbey at York, afterwards St. Mary’s [] Galmanhó ?
angrily [] adv grame fiercely, ierrenga fiercely
angry [] 1. adj gram
hostile, gealgmód
anguish [] 1. pín f [L poena] pain; 2. be in ~ wv/i2 angian1
animal [] 1. néat n beast; kind of ~ níetencynn n; maimed ~? gádinca m; savage ~ gásríc m; small ~ níetan n beast; 2. adv níetenlic brutish; like an ~ níetenlíce
ankle [] ancléow n, ancléowe f
annihilate [] wv/t
anniversary [] gehwyrft géares m, ymbryne
m circuit; ~ of a
death léorednes
announce [] sv/t2 ábéodan declare, wv/t2 ábodian proclaim, sv/t7 ábannan proclaim, wv/t1b ácýðan proclaim, sv/t7 ingefeallan proclaim, sv/t7 ábannan publish
annoy [] wv/t1b nǽtan1 afflict
annoyance [] láð n insult
annual service [] géarþénung f
anoint [] wv/t1b lýðran
smear, wv/t
Anointed One [] Crist m Christ
answer []
ant [] ǽmette f emmet
anthem [] antefn m antiphon, capitol m, capitul m, capitula m
ant-hill [] ǽmetbed n, ǽmethyll m
Antichrist [] Antecrist m [L]
antimony [] nebsealf f
antiphon [] antefn m anthem
antiquity [] gefyrnnes f
anvil [] anfealt f, anfilt n, anfilte n
anxiety [] angnes f fear, nearones f distress; caru f concern, carfulnes f care, gíeming f care, gíemnes f care, ymbhoga m care; ymbhygd f, ymbhýdignes f solicitude; sad ~ carsorg f
anxious []
any [] 1. adj ǽghwilc, gehwilc some, ǽlc; 2. adj, pron ǽlc; 3. adv ~ at all ǽfre ǽlc, ǽfre ǽnig
any one [] pron áhwá, gehwá (masc, fem), gehwæt (neut) whoever, áhwæðer
anything [] pron ǽghwæt, áhwæt, áhwæðer
anywhere [] adv ǽghwǽr; ǽghwider in any direction, áhwǽr
apartment [] clýsung f enclosure; inn n lodging
ape [] apa m
apologist [] lǽdend m excuser
apology [] ládung f defense
apostate [] 1. adj áworpen destroyed; 2. apostata m
apostle [] ǽrendraca m messenger, postol m, ár2 m messenger
apostolic [] adj apostolic
apostolic letter [] pistol m [L epistola]
apparatus (medical ~) [] lǽcegeatwa? f pl
apparel [] gierela
appeal to [] wv/t1b ingecígan, ingecégan invoke
appear to men [] irreg v/t on tún gán1
appearance [] fix a day for ~ wv/t2 ándagian1
applaud [] wv/t
applause [] plega m
apple [] æppel m; kind of ~ æppelcynn n; ~ of the eye æppel m; gall-~ galloc m comfrey; ~-orchard apuldortún m; ~-pip æppelcyrnel n; bark of ~-tree apuldorrind f; ~-tree apulder f, m, apuldor f, m; ~-vessel æppelfæt n
appoint [] sv/t7 árǽdan prepare, wv/t1a ástellan display, sv/t7 ingefeallan announce; wv/t2 instihtian arrange; wv/t2 namian1 nominate; ~ a day or term wv/t2 geándagian
appointed day [] ándaga m
apprehend [] wv/t
approach [] 1. néalǽcung f access; 2. irreg wv/t1b w.d. néalǽcan; wv/t1b nǽgan12 accost; ~ the shore sv/t7 gelǽtan néah land
appropriate [] adj gehýðe convenient
appropriate [] sv/t4 niman1 adopt
approve [] sv/t2 céosan1 accept, wv/t2 lufian1 practice
approved [] 1. adj áfandigendlic, áfandodlic, áfandod excellent; 2. adv ~ly áfandodlíce
April [] Aprelis m
apt [] adj numol fit for
Arabian [] adj Arabisc
arable land [] yrðland n
archangel [] héahboda m
archbishop [] arcebiscop m
archbishopric [] arcebiscopríce n, arceríce n
archdeacon [] arcedíacon m
architect [] héahcræftiga m
ardently [] adv léofwendum
arduous [] adj géandýne
area of land about ¼ of a hide [] gierd landes f
Arian [] adj Arrianisc
aristocratic [] adj æðele noble
arm [] inner side of ~ innanearm m
armed company [] gárgetrum n
armed-band [] gárhéap m spear-band
armer [] æcerceorl m ploughman
armor [] gearwe f (usu pl)
harness, gúðréaf n,
gúðsceorp n, gúðscrúd n, gúðsearu
arms [] geatwe f pl equipments
army [] gefylce n band of men, getrum2 n legion; herefolc2 n, landfyrd f; campweorod n host; ~ of foot-soldiers ganghere m; iron-clad ~ ísenhere m; native ~ innhere m; ~ from the north norðhere m; ~ of foot-soldiers ganghere m infantry
around []
arouse [] 1. one who ~s árǽrend m; 2. irreg wv/t1b áwreccan awake
arrange [] sv/t7 árǽdan
settle, wv/t
array [] proud ~ prass m
arrive [] sv/i
arrogance [] ánmédla m pride, prútscipe m pride, prútung f pride
arrogant [] adj prúd, prút proud, healsfæst
arrow [] arwe f, herestrǽl m, píl m dart [L pilum]; ~-head gád f spear-head; shower of ~s ísenscúr f
art [] cræft m skill, list m, f craft, prætt m craft; ~ of enchanting galdorcræft m incantation; ~ of grammar grammaticcræft m; ~ of teaching lár f preaching; false ~ léascræft m; goldsmith’s ~ goldsmiðu f; magic ~ galdorcræft m occult art; occult ~ galdorcræft m magic art
art not [] neart verb form
artery [] ǽdre f vein, géotend m, geotendǽder f
artful intrigue [] inwitsearu n
artfully [] adv gamenlíce sportfully, nearwe
artifice [] lotwrenc m cunning
arts [] learned ~ gebregdstafas m pl literary arts; literary ~ gebregdstafas m pl learned arts
as [] 1. like ~ if… conj gelíce and …; 2. ~ far as prep w.d., rarely a. æt (local) up to; ~ to prep w.d., rarely a. æt in respect to
as well…as [] conj ǽghwæðer (ge)…ge, ǽgðer…and
ascend [] wv/t2 ástigian mount, wv/t2 clymmian climb
Ascension Day [] one of three processional days before ~ or Holy Thursday gangdæg m Perambulation days
ascent [] ástígnes f
ash [] 1. (burnt) ~ asce f; 2. baked on ~es adj ascbacen
ashamed [] 1. adj ǽwiscmód
ashes [] ǽmerge f embers, æscegeswáp n cinders
ash-tree [] stump of an ~ æscstybb m
ask [] wv/t2 geǽrendian tell
ask [] wv/t
asked [] adj ábǽd, ábeden
asking [] geáscung f inquiry
aspen [] 1. cwicbéam m juniper; ~ bark cwicbéamrind f; 2. of ~ adj cwicbéamen
aspersion [] áwyrðung f stain
ass [] 1. he-~ assa m; she-~ assen f, assmyre f; 2. dun-colored like an ~ adj assedun
assail [] wv/t
assault [] ǽhlýp m breach of the peace
assemble [] wv/r2 gadrian1,
sv/t7 ábannan út call out,
wv/r
assembled workmen [] gegaderwyrhtan [] n pl mpl?
assembly [] gaderung
assert [] sv/t7 lǽtan
asseveration [] cann f averment
assign [] sv/t7 lǽtan
associate [] 1. adj geférlic; 2.
geféra m comrade;
3. irreg wv/t1b geférlǽcan unite;
~ (with) wv/t2 gadrian
associated [] adj geféred
assume [] sv/t4 niman1 accept; ~ to be wv/t2 prófian [L probare]
assumption [] áfangennes f reception
assured [] adj langtwidig lasting
assuredly! [] interj áfæstlá certainly!
Assyrian [] adj Assirisc
asthma [] angbréost n tightness of the chest
astonish [] wv/t1b áblícgan, wv/t1b ágælwan terrify; be ~ed wv/t1b ástyltan
astute [] adj prættig cunning
astuteness [] géapnes f
at []
at all [] adv á always
Athenian [] adj Athénisc
athlete [] plegmann m gymnosophist; female ~ plegestre f
athletic [] adj pleglic
atmosphere [] lyft f, m, n air
attack [] 1. anginn n onset, áflygennes f, gewealc n, níð m war, níðgetéon n; murderous ~ inwitscear m; 2. wv/t1b néosan, wv/t2 néosian visit with affliction; ~ (often followed by wordum) wv/t1b nǽgan1
attain [] sv/i3 geiernan get to, wv/t1b geféran accomplish
attempt [] wv/t2 fandian1 (oft w.g., but also w.d., w.a.) try
attend [] wv/t1b cépan guard; ~ upon wv/t2 þegnian1 w.d. minister to
attendant [] 1. cniht m servant; þegnhyse retainer; ~ member of a retinue ymbhringend m; 2. without an ~ adj cnihtléas
attention (needing ~) []
attentive [] 1. adj carful careful; 2. adv ~ly carfullíce
attract [] wv/t2 loccian1 entice
attribute [] wv/t1a cennan1 assign; ~ (to) sv/t1 hlígan
auger [] næfebor n, nafogár m,? prodbor n
augment [] wv/t1b íecan1 add to
August (month) [] Agustus m
austere [] adj gearowitol, gearwutol
austerity [] heardlicnes f
author of light [] léohtsáwend m
authority (ecclesiastical ~) [] láréowdóm m
autumn drought [] æfterhǽða m
avail [] of no ~ 1. adj náhtlic worthless; 2. ~ly adv náhtlíce
avail oneself to [] wv/t1b cépan betake oneself to
avarice [] gítsiendnes f, gítsung f greediness; wicked ~ náhtgítsung f
avenge [] sv/t5 áwrecan punish
avenger by necessity [] néadwraca m
averment [] cann f cognizance
avert [] wv/t
avoid [] wv/t
await [] sv/t1 ábídan wait for; wv/t1b cépan receive; ~ eagerly wv/t2 cépnian
awake [] irreg wv/t1b áwreccan
arouse, sv/t3 úp ábregdan
start up, wv/t
aware of [] adj gecýðig
away [] verb prefix á-
awl [] æl m piercer
axe [] ceorfæx f
Axe [] the river ~ Acsa m, Axa m
Axminster in Devonshire [] Acsan mynster n
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