Irregular Nouns
RU-plurals
Family Members
Other Nouns.
These are the nouns marked in the dictionary with a *. They have highly irregular forms, mixed gender, or something else that marks them as highly unusual.
ác - f oak. This is a noun which umlauts (changes vowel) in plural and dative/instrumental cases.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | ác | æc |
Genitive | ác | áca |
Dative | æc | ácum |
Instrumental | æc | ácum |
Accusative | ác | æc |
æ - f law - Sometimes appears as æw in earlier texts. It is often found uninflected in the singular, and nominative and accusative plural, though sometimes declined as follows:
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | æ | æw |
Genitive | æwe | æwa |
Dative | æwe | æm |
Instrumental | æwe | æm |
Accusative | æ | æw |
béo - bee f
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | béo | béon |
Genitive | béon | béona |
Dative | béon | béom, béoum |
Instrumental | béon | béom |
Accusative | béon | béon |
bóc f - book
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | bóc | béc |
Genitive | bóce | bóca |
Dative | béc | bócum |
Instrumental | béc | bócum |
Accusative | bóc | béc |
bróðor - m brother - This word has an umlauted dative singular form.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | bróðor | bróðor, bróðru |
Genitive | bróðor | bróðra |
Dative | bréðer | bróðrum |
Instrumental | bréðer | bróðrum |
Accusative | bróðor | bróðor, bróðru |
burg - borough, fortress, town f - umlauted plural, dative and genitive singular. The accusative also has no ending.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | burg | byrig |
Genitive | byrig | burga |
Dative | byrig | burgum |
Instrumental | byrig | burgum |
Accusative | burg | byrig |
dohtor - f daughter - This word umlauts in the dative/instrumental singular forms, as well as having variable plurals.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | dohtor | dohtor, dohtra, dohtru |
Genitive | dohtor | dohtra |
Dative | dehter | dohtrum |
Instrumental | dehter | dohtrum |
Accusative | dohtor | dohtor, dohtra, dohtru |
éa - f river - Usually undeclined in the singular, but with these declensions occasionally:
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | éa | éa, éan |
Genitive | éa, éas | éa |
Dative | éa, íe, é, æ, éæ | éa, éaum, éam, éan |
Accusative | éa | éa, éan |
ealu - n ale, beer
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | ealu | ealu |
Genitive | ealoð | ealeða |
Dative | ealoð | ealum |
Accusative | ealu | ealu |
eard - m native country or region. This is an 'a' noun.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | eard | earda |
Genitive | earda | earda |
Dative | earda | eardum |
Instrumental | earda | eardum |
Accusative | eard | earda |
fæder - m father - This word is generally undeclined in the singular, but is generally declined as below.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | fæder | fædras |
Genitive | fædres, fæder | fædra |
Dative | fæder | fædrum |
Instrumental | fæder | fædrum |
Accusative | fæder | fædras |
ford m ford - This is an 'a' plural noun.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | ford | fordas |
Genitive | forda | forda |
Dative | forda | fordum |
Instrumental | forda | fordum |
Accusative | ford | fordas |
fót - m foot. This is an umlauting noun.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | fót | fét |
Genitive | fótes | fóta |
Dative | fét | fótum |
Instrumental | fét | fótum |
Accusative | fót | fét |
gós - f goose
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | gós | gés |
Genitive | góse | gósa |
Dative | gés | gósum |
Instrumental | gés | gósum |
Accusative | gós | gés |
hnutu - f - nut. This is a minor variant of the umlauted series of nouns.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | hnutu | hnyte |
Genitive | hnute | hnuta |
Dative | hnyte | hnutum |
Instrumental | hnyte | hnutum |
Accusative | hnutu | hnyte |
léo - m or f lion / lioness - This noun has variable gender, so it has the following two declension patterns:
Masculine/ Feminine
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | léo | léo |
Genitive | léon | léona |
Dative | léon, léone, léonan | léonum |
Accusative | léon | léo |
Feminine Accusative is uninflected.
mægð - f maiden - uninflected except for the Genitive and Dative Plural forms.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | mægð | mægð |
Genitive | mægð | mægða |
Dative | mægð | mægðum |
Accusative | mægð | mægð |
módor - f mother - This word is declined as follows.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | módor | módor |
Genitive | módor | módora |
Dative | méder | módorum |
Instrumental | méder | módorum |
Accusative | módor | módor |
sæ - m or f sea - This noun has variable gender, so it can be declined on two patterns:
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | sæ | sæs |
Genitive | sæs | sæwa |
Dative | sæ | sæm, sæwum |
Accusative | sæ | sæs |
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | sæ | sæ |
Genitive | sæ, sæwe | sæwa |
Dative | sæ, sæwe | sæm, sæwum |
Accusative | sæ, sæwe | sæ |
sidu - custom m - This is a so-called 'a' plural noun
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | sidu | sidas |
Genitive | sida | sida |
Dative | sida | sidum |
Instrumental | sida | sidum |
Accusative | sidu | sidas |
sumor - summer m - An 'a' plural
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | sumor | sumora |
Genitive | sumeres | sumora |
Dative | sumera, sumere | sumorum |
Instrumental | sumora, sumere | sumorum |
Accusative | sumor | sumora |
tóð m - tooth. This noun umlauts just like it does today
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | tóð | téð |
Genitive | tóðes | tóða |
Dative | téð | tóðum |
Instrumental | téð | tóðum |
Accusative | tóð | téð |
weald - m forest. This is an 'a'-type noun, with normal masculine plural.
Case / Number | Singular | Plural |
Nominative | weald | wealdas |
Genitive | wealda | wealda |
Dative | wealda | wealdum |
Instrumental | wealda | wealdum |
Accusative | weald | wealdas |